Wal-Mart effect

ref:http://www.walmartsubsidywatch.org/

書名：沃爾瑪效應（The Wal-Mart Effect）
作者：Charles Fishman


Note:
《沃爾瑪效應》 The Wal-Mart Effect
規模經濟與流通壟斷型資本主義

http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/11191

蔡志杰　苦勞網特約記者　2006/09/22

為什麼沃爾瑪可以是最低價、而且是天天低價呢？

既然價格壓至最低，那麼給賣場員工的薪水就不可能高，給供應商的下單價同樣偏低、迫使他們去剝削工人與破壞環境。

因為銷貨面廣且大，得以上架之商品在短期內就可望銷售量大增，不過單價被壓到最低，即使營業額一飛衝天、供應商的獲利率卻仍然低得可憐，沃爾瑪還要求每年 都要調低價格，因此，供應商幾乎無再生產利潤可言，要不把生產移往工資低的第三世界、要不就是改做易損壞的短生命週期廉價商品。

沃爾瑪的低價策略會排斥供應商在別處的獲利空間，試想，如果在沃爾瑪可以用三塊錢買到同樣東西，消費者幹嘛去別的地方用三塊五的價錢買呢？

　
ref: http://www.walmarteffectbook.com/
Charles Fishman
Wal-Mart’s low prices routinely reset our expectations about what all kinds of things should cost — from clothing to furniture to fresh fish. Wal-Mart has changed the lens through which we see the world.

The Wal-Mart effect touches the lives of literally every American every day.

Who knew shopping would turn out to be so important?

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Note: http://www.wordspy.com/words/Wal-Marteffect.asp

Wal-Mart effect n. The economic effects attributable to the Wal-Mart retail chain, including local effects such as forcing smaller competitors out of business and driving down wages, and broader effects such as helping to keep inflation low and productivity high. Also: WalMart effect.

By squeezing suppliers to cut wholesale costs, the company has hastened the flight of U.S. manufacturing jobs overseas. By scouring the globe for the cheapest goods, it has driven factory jobs from one poor nation to another.

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Wal-Mart may drive prices down, but it drags the quality of life for millions of people down with it.